Vincent的英语笔记-饿死事小,失节事大

 By Vincent from www.englishvincent.com

那群兄弟在酒吧里血拼,喝了上百瓶啤酒,我突然感觉不胜酒力,早早回家,闲来无事,整理了下前段时间的学习笔记,发这里和大家分享。好记性不如烂笔头,多记记多写写还是很有效的,勤能补拙。

age range年龄段,你还可以说age bracket.

wow you’ve got 243 hits 搜索结果,当然你也可以说search engine results  

narrow down the search criteria 缩小搜索范围, search terms是搜索关键词

live within a 50-mile radius. 住在五十英里以内的 (tip:还记得吗,rad=awesome,因为radical是激进的意思,而很多时候人们会认为激进的极端的东西是超好的,比如我们听金属音乐就期待听到最残暴最快速最没人性的东西,而对于那种近乎靡靡之音的东西嗤之以鼻,中庸的东西是不会让人发出awesome这样的赞叹的。 radius源自拉丁文radius=车轮的辐条,光速=半径,同时有人认为radius和radix=root也有关系,所以radical有从“根”本上改变的变革=激进的变革=radical。radius既然是半径的意思,想象你住在A点,以A点为圆心(根部),50 miles为半径画一个圆,住在圆的人自然就是“住在五十英里范围的人”了。 而rad=雷德,是辐射大小的单位,是radiation(辐射)的一个缩写,在1970年忍者神龟大行其道的时候流行起来。

on-the-job injuries 工伤 ,有人讲工伤翻译程workplace injury,我认为不是很妥当,因为你要是下班坐公交车回家,在你下车之前公交车被一个酒后驾驶(drunk-driving)的人撞了,你段了三根肋骨,你还是会获得工伤赔偿,因为你之所以会坐那趟公交车回家而且“设法”被撞短三根肋骨,都是因为要去那家鬼公司上班引起的,你到家之前出了什么岔子,公司都得负责。 而workplace injury是不无法cover这种情形的。 这种工伤可以称为 "work-related injury" 而on-the-job指的是你“工作/在职期间”(和你离职在家这种情形相对),应该是可以涵盖这样的情况的。 在职培训就是on-the-job training;脱产培训是off-thejob training。 以前还学了一个compound adj, stay-but-quit (employee),而这种新在曹营心在汉(或者在乎山水之间)的员工,叫做stay-quit. Read more

So Etymologically Attracted to English Vocabulary Part 2 ( Inadvertently)

 By Vincent from www.englishvincent.com  

 
由于忙英语辅导班的事,长久没有更新博客。发一篇一年前写的文章,供大家学习吧。

 
刚才在拜读Roger Dawson的关于谈判技巧的大作”Ask for More Than You Expect to Get”
看到这样一句话,What concerns
me is that when you’re involved in a negotiation, you are inadvertently creating
deadlocks, because you don’t have the courage to ask for more than you expect to get.
感觉inadvertently这个词非常面熟,但是一时又想不起具体的意思。这个词我应该碰过不下五次了,一直感觉不亲切也不好记。Inadvertentlyin表示否定,相反的意思,不再话下,tently构成副词,亦不必深究,关键是要搞清楚adver的意思。看看了,觉得像adviseadvertise,如何和前者组合起来,就是未被告知地,不知情地;如果和后者组织起来,advertise的语源我还记得,是to give attention,那么组合起来就是
没注意地,两个组合的意思看起来差不多啊。。。

于是我查看了inadvertently的语源,觉得最后出来的结果因为和我猜测的差不多。
上面是这样解释的:

inadvertently
1678, lit. "inattentively," hence "unintentionally;" ult. from inadvertence (1568), from Scholastic L. inadvertentia, from in- "not" + advertentia, from L. advertere "to direct one’s attention to," lit. "to turn toward" (see advertise).

原来是advertise,是in- "not" + advertentia-"to direct one’s attention to," Read more

Vincent的意思和来源

By Vincent from www.englishvincent.com (转载请注明出处,谢谢) 
 

 我在管理自己的网站www.englishvincent.com时候,发现几乎每天都有人在google和百度搜索”vincent是什么意思这样的关键词,因为我的网站有众多“vincent”意思这样的关键词,搜索引擎自然就将这些人带到我的网站,而事实上,我并没有写过相关的文章,所以往往让他们失望而归。所以,晚上特地写这样一篇小文,以飨读者之名了却我愧疚之意。 

 

1.首先,我的英文名叫Vincent。所以,所以如果你问我Vincent是什么意思,我只能和你说Vicnent就是一个男性的名字。

在最近的美国最流行的男子名中排100名左右。最早叫这个名字的人是三世纪助祭Saint Vincentius。现在加勒比上的岛国圣文森特和格林纳丁(Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)估计就是为了纪念这位殉道者。Vincent最早源于Vincere,意思是”conquer“(征服)。法国人将其引入英语和爱尔兰语中。不知道家是否记得越狱第一季里面那个陈去而入抢波多黎各人的女朋友的Victor。他的名字就是胜利”Victory“的意思。和Vincent一样,都是源自Vincere.在基督教早期开始逐渐被人用作男子名。17世纪的牧师兼慈善家Saint Vincent De Paul创立Order Of Missonary Brothers,两个世纪后,为了纪念这位牧师,国际慈善组织圣文生修会(Society of Saint Vincent de Paul)被创建。意大利的VincentVicnenzo,西班牙的则是Vincentz

Vicenzio, Vin, Vince, Vincens, Vincente,Vincentius, Vincents, Vincenty, Vincenz,

 Vincenzio, Vincenzo, Vincien, Vinicent, Vinnie, Vinny,Vinzenz and Wincenty等都是Vincent的变形。叫Vincent的最有名的人无疑是用****了却自己生命的Vincent Van Gogh。其他的同名名人还有电影导演 Vincente Minnelli;演员VincentGardenia, Vince 

Vaughn,Vin Diesel, Vincent D’Onofrio, VinnieJones; 足球明星coach Vince Lombardi;NBA球星 ;Vince Carter.

 

2.很多人知道Vincent这个单词很可能是因为Don Mclean1972年的一首热门民谣“vincent”

这首歌又叫”Starry Starry Night“。据说这首歌的灵感来自Vincent Van Gogh的名画”Starry Night“。描述了这个悲惨的印象派画家想被人认可和赏识而做的挣扎。听来令很多人不禁潸然泪下。朋克摇滚乐队NOFX曾朋克味十足地翻唱过该曲目。编曲不错,但是其情绪和歌词所要传达的东西放在一些实在令人觉得牵强。

很多人告诉我他们的同事和朋友都是这个名字,所以看到我的名字很亲切。而且很多女孩子会觉得Vincent这个名字很美.或许和这首优美的歌有关。不过我一向对名曲名著不感冒,所以很少会听这首歌,但我知道这首歌在中国的年轻人中几乎无人不晓。我倒是对他的另一手热门曲目American Pie更喜欢。话说回来,Vincent这个名字的读音[vin’sənt],听起来确实比较帅气,而且”Vincent“这个单词本身看起来就比较俊俏。我上大学后有了第一个英文名”john“。因为外教不会中文,在第一堂课上拿了张名字清单让我们每个人选名字。由于我当时正疯狂迷恋John Woo(吴宇森)的作品,而且我最喜欢的一部他的作品变脸里的男主角就叫John Travolta,再加上John的发音[jon]和我的中文名章宇航谐音。所以我取了这么近些年才逐渐从最流行的男子名榜单上退下的名字。后来由于再一次看了昆汀塔伦蒂诺的邪典“Pulp Fiction",而为之痴狂不已,而里面John Travolta扮演的痞子就叫”Vincent“,罗伯特德尼罗在导火线Heat)里扮演的悲情反面人物也叫”Vincent“,再加上法国痞子明星Vincent Cassel的缘故,我取了第二个英文名”vincent“,一直用到现在。(差点叫了Ferryman)。 

3.Vincent同源的单词

既然Vincent源自VincereConquer),我们应该很容易想到Convince(成功说服某人做某事,使人信服、相信)这个单词。比如,你男朋友这几天老是不接你电话,今天终于见到了,你拿出泼妇的尽头大吵大闹,他说了一大堆理由,换来你说了句“I’m not convinced. You must be seeing some bitch". convince =com- intensive prefix + vincere "to conquer" =to conquer/overcome in an argument.=使某人确信; 使某人明白;说服。如果说你想说某个explanation(解释),reason(理由),evidence(证据)很可信,你就用convincing形容他们。足球或者政治竞选中的大胜是“a convincing victory" .好玩的是这两个词都是同源的。当然,在竞选中,你会经常看到这样的说法“xxx won by a large/significant/wider margin" (大胜,以绝对性优势压倒对方而胜利),如果是险胜,则用“narrow, close, slim"这些形容词。另一个同源的单词是Convict,宣判某人有罪的意思。其他同源的词还有evinceprovincevanquish=defeat)等,大家不妨自己去研究下。 

 

By Vincent from www.englishvincent.com (转载请注明出处,谢谢) 

 

 

看Gossip Girl 学英语(S2E4-Part 2)

By Vincent from www.englishvincent.com. (转载请注明出处)
 
(废话部分)
 
在这篇文章里,我依旧注重了实用英语的介绍,帮助你们在工作和生活中更加简洁地道地表达自己。想再次重申对是,虽然我介绍了大量的俚语,习语,并不表示我鼓励你们花大量精力去学习。以我的经验,正确又能让人明白的简明实用的英语是最重要的。在工作中,有时候掌握一些大词也是非常关键的。还有一定的词汇量和对于不同口音的熟悉对于你听懂、看懂全世界各地非英语国家的稀奇古怪的英语也会大有裨益。 而俚语和习语可以当成纯粹的兴趣。
 
在这篇博文里,我还加入了一些语法的解析。我一直以为自己不论写多少东西,都是杯水车薪。最关键的还是英语基础的掌握。我也是靠读了三本高中英语教材而入门并几乎靠自己自学到今天的。所以,我还是建议那些迷茫的朋友去选择一套好的教材和一本好的双解字典,一步一个脚印的学起来,并能掌握基本的语法。只要你掌握的基础,你就可以开始自学。因为老师能直接给你的东西是有限的,大部分的知识要靠自己平时学习和工作中的用心积累。 学习语言靠天分+习惯,天分总是会带来高效的好习惯,而没有天分的人就要去培养一个好习惯来弥补自己的不足。中文依然弱势的地位注定了在很长的一段时间里,学习英文对于一部分中国人来说是无法逃避的。但是我看到很多人在英语上所花费的不必要的时间和精力感到很痛心。中国人对于一门外语的病态般的作为实在荒唐。所以,大家根据自己情况来做选择,实在要学或者喜欢的,要认识到语言学习无捷径,只要效率之高低。所以,如果你现在很迷茫,请去买一套系统的教材,不论是原版的还是中国人编的,踏踏实实地掌握英语的基本先。对于初级者来说,英语学习的教材就像女人一样,关了灯都一样。
 
谢谢对于我网站www.englishvincent.com的关注,也欢迎指正我的错误,一起分享经验,共同进步。想在线练习口语的朋友可以加入 高手众多的杭州Burzum英语群(12785262),我一般不在线.因为群里女人太多,话题太无聊。 
 
(正文部分) 
 
本文的对话和句子来自Gossip Girl第二季第四集的第12到15分钟。
1.Rufus: What Brings You Down Here, Lily?
Rufus:哎呀,你怎么来了
 
Lily:Oh, I Just Thought It Would Be Nice To, Um, To Say Hello, Maybe  Catch Up.
Lily:哦,我就想过来问声好,聊会儿天。
 
Rufus: Actually I Was On My Way Out.
Rufus: 太不巧了。我正要出门呢。 
 
Lily: Of Course. I Should Have Called First. You’re Busy With Work And–
Lily: 没关系。我应该先打个电话的。你要忙工作的,而且。。。
 
Rufus: No, I Just…"Repo Man" Is  playing At The Sunshine.You Know How I Love My Harry Dean Stanton.
Rufus::不是啦,Repo Man正在Sunshine演出呢。你知道我多么喜欢我的Harry Dean Stanton。 
  
Lily: Playing Hooky?
Lily:翘班? 
 
Rufus: Yeah, Don’t Tell Anyone.
Rufus: 是啊,别跟人说。 
 
1)What Brings You Down Here
就是我们中文所说的“那阵风把你吹来了”“今天怎么有这雅兴啊”,英文里,为了表示对来客的到来表示欢迎和惊喜,可以说“what a pleasant surprise”,相当于 “哎呀,你怎么来啦!真没想到会在这里见到你” 
 
2) Catch up 
Catch up with sb的意思是“和某个有段时间没见面的熟人见面,看看最近他们都做了些什么”,差不多就是”聊聊天,叙叙旧”,我们可以体会一下,catch的原意是”追赶“,这里由于你们很久没见,对于对方发生什么事情你很久没了解了,这个时候为了keep posted,你就要“迎头赶上”去获取对方的消息。 而我们平时所说的I’ll catch up with you later 或者I will catch you later,用来替代I will see/talk to you later, 也正是源于此。 
 
Catch up on the news/gossip 的意思是 “获知最新的消息”
而我们平时所说的 “补觉”则是“catch up on sleep”,在特定语境下,你只要说 “just go get some sleep”或者 “get some Z’s”,也差不多。 
 
3)  I Should Have Called First.
这是虚拟语气。不做详解,造几个例句让你慢慢体会可能更好: 
1.I should have killed that scumbag in the first place. ( now he comes back to compromise my plan)
2.You shouldn’t have disclose our company’s secret to her last time. Now rumors spreads all over the China branch. 
3.I should have known she only cared about my money (obviously you are devastated and regret for not knowing that earlier).  
 
4) Play Hooky? 
 
Play hooky(BrE Play truant)是翘课,逃课,旷工(翘班),不参加一些会议,活动等意思。这里指的是Dan的爸爸Rufus经事不干溜走去看Repo。例句: I played hook today and did not go to work. 
 
事实上,Play hook 还有“爽约”(to not keen an appointment)的意思..例句:I don’ t want to see her today, cuz I look like shit today. So I think I will just play hooky. 
 I don’t have time for the sales meeting  today,  so I think I’ll just play hooky.
 
读大学的时候曾经看过一部片子叫“翘课天才”,英文名叫“Ferris Bueller’s Day Off ”而这里day off的实际意思并不是指“逃课”,而是休息一天,不用去上班,可能是你今天轮休啊,或者今天放假啊,生病了啊。如果是请病假,还可以说take a sick leave, 请事假可是说take a casual leave 或者take a compassionate leave, 如果是准假则是“be given a leave of absence”. 
 
综上所述,play hooky几乎可以用于任何表示你不参加某样活动的情况。对应的英式英语是play truant。说道play,突然想到了我们平时说上海杭州的女生很”俏皮“,英文对应的说法是”play hart-to-get”. 什么叫hard to get 呢。肖申克的救赎里面,里面的坏蛋想Andy给他BJ,Andy严词拒绝,坏蛋说了句:hart to get,也就是“很难搞定”,“很难上”的意思。
 
从词源上分析,俚语中,hook有depart hastily的意思(匆匆离开,),比如we’d better for home. 
俚语中有 “hook it”则有“to run away, depart, flee”的意思, 这个hook it也就等于play hook。 例句:He hooked it when he saw the truant officer.(查课员,通常来自可怕的教导处)
 
而我们平时所说的 “逃课”,还可以说skip class, 而如果是上课上一般偷偷从后面或者窗户溜出去,则叫bunk off school,而我通常都是上课到一半,从前门大摇大摆走进去,向老师微笑,然后在第一桌的女生让我做到里面去,并积极地回答老师问题。这招很管用,老师总觉得这孩子睡觉睡一半还是走15分钟过来听课而且很认真,肯定很喜欢她的课。换了其他老师估计这孩子没这么大积极性。我的最高纪录是最后十分钟了还从前门进去。我不知道这叫什么,估计可以叫crash the class,因为那种不请自来的聚会的人叫party-crasher。那么对于那种不想上课,每天赖着不起床的小孩子,你可以在他没起床的时候大喊“rise and shine’,在路上如果那家伙还拖着书包不肯快点走的话,你可以生气地说:We will late for school. Stop dawdling! (上学要迟到了。不要拖拖拉拉了)。 (如果我真的不想上学,我会趟地上装死) 
 
 
以上是一开始的对话的分析。接下来是逐句的分析: 
 
2. She will be joining us of for lunch. 
这里之所以用will be joining, 而不是will join,是因为have lunch 是一个持续进行的过程。 
而如果你说“我会杀了你的”,你只要说“I will kill you”,而不会说 “I will be killing me”,除非你可以翻来覆去不断杀死他。 
 
说道kill。大学的时候用到最多的是说某某金属乐队kills。比如:“This is fvcking brutal shit. ‘Gorgasm’ kills!”这个时候的kill,意思是某个金属或者摇滚乐队的专辑让你觉得 “超爽”,你认为他们很“牛逼”,能给你带来eargasm(听觉高潮,类似但有别于orgasm)类似的词还有,请允许我用我最喜欢的乐队windir来做例子: 
Windir owns/rules/kicks major ass/is badass/
如果说某个乐队很垃圾,你会说“唱你是我的玫瑰那傻逼sucks shit”.
而说一张专辑或者单曲超爽,超好,你会说This album is a killer.  或者Check this shit out. This is definitely the killer track of the album. 
当然你也可以说Vincent的BLog很棒。 www.englishvincent.com owns my ass… 
 
在口语中,kill用的比较多的还有 “某某is killing me”,意思是 “某某让你很苦恼,郁闷,不爽” These new shoes are killing me. I cannot take it anymore. The translation of “steelwork plan” is killing me. 
 
回到lunch。我发现很多人吃中饭的时候用“eat lunch”,同时又很多人嘲笑他们,说这是中式英语。不过eat lunch也是正确的英语,不过更常用的说法应该是 “have lunch”.问别人中饭想吃什么可以说“what do you want to have for lunch”. 上次有朋友和我说“喝汤”应该是“eat soup”,而不是 “drink soup”,事实上用“drink”也可以。 而如果你要说“他们吃中饭的时候达成口头协议”一般是说“The reached on a verbal agreement over lunch”,会比说“…when having lunch”要好。over是个很奇妙的单词,大家在平常工作和生活中应该自己去慢慢体会。
 
Join sb for sth是一个固定用法,一个可以让你少用have sth with sb的用法。 比如I invite him to join us for a few drinks. Care to join us? I can buy you a beer. (beer在表示一杯/罐酒的时候是可数的)。 说道care to,这一集里出现了一句叫… Is unavailable ,would you care to leave a message?  (would you) care to do something,是非常有礼貌地邀请,建议别人做某件事的时候用的。 而sb is unavailable 是用来说某人不在。当然如果有人打电话找你老板,而他正在带客户参观新建厂房,你也可以说he is not in the office或者he is busy now.并没有多少讲究,能把事情讲清楚就行了。但是通常你并没有义务告诉人家你老板到底在哪里,一面不经意间泄露商业机密(let them into your company’s secret by taking advantage of your stupidity) ,而给竞争对手有可乘之机。说道商场上的竞争对少,一般是用“competitor”或者 “rival”, opponent是不贴切的,后者往往是体育比赛啊,辩论赛,打架这类很game的活动里用的。 
 

 To be continued... 

By Vincent from www.englishvincent.com (转载请注明出处,谢谢) 

 

 

 

           

 

看Gossip Girl学英语(S2E2)

By Vincent from www.englishvincent.com

1. A fling 及时行乐, 一时放纵,这里指的是美国年轻人在暑假期间的浪漫邂逅,开学后又各自回到自己的生活学习单中。最有名的fling可能是Grease里面 John Travolta和Olivia Newton John的海滨邂逅了,不过Olivia后来竟然转学到了Travolta的学校。。。我好像没有经历过什么summer love,倒是有过spring festival love,事实也证明,这种一见钟情,极速升温的爱情是不能持久的。

2.low maintenance 很好哄的/很容易满足的的女孩。这样的女孩往好里了说,就是很单纯,很实在,不用花很多时间和精力去照料,往差了说,就是很cheap。本来这是用来形容汽车、机器很好维修保养,现在用来比喻一份关系的女方。汽车里最容易保养的估计要数捷达了吧。我每天坐捷达。与low maintenance 相对的是high maintenance,就是说一个女生很难搞,要求很多,自己自赚个1500一个月,却要求男人带她去吃30块钱的冰激淋还要去高级餐厅。还要tons of attention. 在我看来,这样的女孩更cheap。卡宴看起来就很high maintenance,买不起也养不起。

3.play squash 打壁球

4. …which is why I need you to keep you chin up and trust that your mother’s got this handled.

这就是为什么我要你不要气馁,要相信你妈我会搞定的/有办法都。

(keep your) chin up在口语中,是在让不要灰心气馁,要振作,要有信心。Chin是你的下巴,抬高下巴,昂首挺胸就是自信和勇气的表现。 不过摄影师叫你chin up,确实是觉得你头太低了,太高点精神点。而作为名词的chin-up,在美语中相当于pull-up,引起向上。不过,现在大家好像对俯卧撑(push-up)更感兴趣,Jack Black的超级搞笑的喜剧片里,他的乐队成员训练他做cock push-up,却不是随随便便谁都能做到。

还有一个习语叫 take it on the chin,是说一个人对于打击能够泰然处之,不怨天尤人

比如:1) The bad news was a real shock, and John took it on the chin.

      2) The worst luck comes my way, and I always end up taking it on the chin.

同时wagger one’s chin还有闲聊之意

5. Not that this makes her an any less forceful presence in my life.

片中Blair认识了个男爵,而Nate在暑假里勾搭上的一个女人就是那个男爵的后妈,这句话是那个男爵说的,大意是:这不代表她在我的生活中就不扮演这举足轻重的角色。她在我的生命中说话很有分量,对我很有影响之类的。  

6. Hey, if you need to work out the details of your takedown

韦氏字典给Takedown的解释是:the fact of being humbled,就是丢人现眼,被辱的意思,估计是来自摔跤运动中的takedown(将对方摔倒在地),拳击中叫knockout

7.What are you up to right now. 你们在干嘛呢?

忘记里词句在剧中的具体语境,总之what are you up to lately/these days  可以用来问候对方最近忙些什么,干些什么。

8. They’re obviously just trying to scare us to get us to rat out my dad.

他们就是想恐吓我们,好让我们供出我爸的下落。

Nate的老爸此时正在外国躲避风头。Rat out 意思是背弃,出卖朋友、亲人。” Rat有叛徒,告密者之意。

9. He is outside of my regular circle. 他不是我交际圈里的人。

也就是说他是个圈外人。

10. Ok, fine. I won’t bring it up again. 好,没问题。我不会再提此事。

11. A well-preserved 38. 保养很好的38岁女人

或许可以说风韵不减当年的38岁女人。

12.We know Chuck had a thing for elder women. 我们知道Chuck老女人感兴趣。

Have a thing for就是没来由的喜欢某样东西。比如你隔壁邻居家的狗为什么对你老婆扔院子里的高跟鞋那么热情高涨,每天缠绵,你实在百思不得其解呀。 Chuck喜欢老女人这件事也多少有些没道理,像怪癖一样。

13. Maybe he is her plus-one可能他是她的同伴。

Plus就是去陪guestparty或者夜店的同伴。 有些escort的意思吧。

14. But I assure you, there is an explanation for all of it.

Save your breath, Blair.

Save your breath. 省点力气吧,不要白费口舌了,不必再说了,你说了也是白说。

例如:  There  is  no sense in trying to convince her. Save your breath.

 Tell her to save her breath. He won’t listen to her. 

15. This party is a complete bust 这个派对简直太失败了。

比如I hate to bust up the party, but we gotta go.

那么说一个聚会很带劲,很成功怎么说呢? Vincent’s party was simply ace.

16. Go commando 不穿内裤

下面是来自wiki的词源解释:

Earliest uses

Slate’s Daniel Engber dates the modern usage to 1974 college campuses, where it was perhaps an outgrowth of the Vietnam War.[5]

The origins of the phrase are uncertain, with some speculating that it may refer to being "out in the open" or "ready for action." According to Engber many soldiers do go without underwear to "increase ventilation and reduce moisture." The earliest known use of the term in print is January 22, 1985 when Jim Spencer wrote in the Chicago Tribune:

"Furthermore, colored briefs are ’sleazy’ and going without underwear (’going commando’, as they say on campus) is simply gross".

The expression could also be derived from the term "go regimental" to describe a True Scotsman wearing no underwear beneath his kilt

 

UD上的解释非常酷:

If a person is ‘going commando’, they are not wearing any underwear.

It is called ‘going commando’ because of an old practice in the army, where, so you didn’t shit your underwear in battle, you didn’t wear any - and therefore could boast that you didn’t shit your pants.

Also a known cure for vpl.

"I’m gonna wear those really tight shorts and go commando to show off my bulge."

 

  

英语是一门叫Chemistry的课–避孕

By Vincent

This is an article written by me in February,2008.

Contravene
I assume most of your guys have no clue what this word means, cause you don’t use it at your daily work, or you find it’s too much a “big word” for you to add to your current vocabulary building. To memorize it more efficiently, you are highly recommended to take a look at its “word origin”, ( only in case you cannot tell its origin without taking a close look).

Date: 1500-1600 Language: French Origin: contrevenir, from Late Latin contravenire, from Latin contra- ( CONTRA-) + venire ‘to come’

This explanation speaks to me a lot.
contra =contre=against
and
venire obviously means to come.
Anyone who has gained a bit understanding of Francais shall know VENIRE’s definition. I suppose now you’ve got a rough idea what it means. Seemingly it means “ to do something agasint something”

If you happen to have a Collins Robert French Dictionary, look “Contrevenir” up, it says contrevenir a = to contravene, which means the English word “contravene” was derived from French with a considerably small change.

Then what the hell is the meaning of “contravene”? “ to do something that is not allowed according to a law or rule”, says the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. In Chinese, it means违犯(法律等); 违反: (指事物)与(某事物)相抵触; 不合於 Read more

英语是一门叫Chemistry的课–Catch-22

By Vincent
 
看格林斯潘回忆录的第130页,碰到这样一句话:This impasse made coping with the deficit and the recession doubly difficult, because it meant the administration was always looking for quid pro quo from the Fed.
 
Impasse的意思是僵局,并不是一个很常见的词,不过很好记也很好理解,且看其词源:
 
1851, from Fr. impasse "impassable road, blind alley, impasse," from in- "not" + M.Fr. passe "a passing," from passer "to pass." Supposedly coined by Voltaire as a euphemism for cul de sac.
 
可见impasse就是not passable 的意思。一种你无法通过,无法走出的局面就是僵局。其意思和用法都和我们熟知的deadlock非常相似。
试比较:
 
Impasse: a situation in which it is impossible to continue with a discussion or plan because the people involved cannot agree
 
The political process is at an impasse.
Negotiations seemed to have reached an impasse .
 
Deadlock: a situation in which a disagreement cannot be settled
 
The talks have reached a complete deadlock .a last-ditch effort to break the deadlock Negotiations ended in deadlock.
 
我们可以看出,它们都是因为双方无法达成共识(cannot agree, no agreement is reached,而导致无法进展(proceedmove forward.
 
再回到impasse的词源,据说impassecul-de-sac的委婉的说法。
我们不妨看看cul在法语中的意思
在法语中,cul有屁股,臀部,和底部的意思。
而底部bottom就是可以用来指臀部的。
sac就是英语中的sack (袋)的意思,
那么cul-de-sac就是指the bottom of the sack,众所周知,袋子只有一端有开口,而其bottom是封死的。所以cul-de-sac就跟死胡同dead-end是同一个意思,还有一个同义词是blind alley
 
Alley是胡同,小巷的意思,和lane同意。不过,我们平时说的车道却不会用alley,而用lane,比如
比如单车道: single-lane road
     二车道:two-lane road
而单行线是 one-way road
双行线是 two-way road
 
最人人喊打的行为:change lane at will
公交专用车道是:bus lane
 
还有,dead end=cul-de-sac—impasse(僵局)的origin,自然也有僵局的意思。你可以说come to a dead end 也可以说reach/hit a dead end.都是指陷入僵局。
 
一个dead-end job就是指没有发展的工作 a job with no room for growth or a job without a chance of progress(发展)
 
而另一个词:glass ceiling,转至由于对妇女的歧视而认为设置的阻止其升迁的障碍。有事业心的女人要是碰到了玻璃天花板,自然是愤愤不平的。 Glass ceiling 可以指对妇女的歧视的态度,也可以指某个公司具体的相关制度和做法。
 
说道口袋的底部,我不禁想起毛遂自荐的故事来.毛遂自荐用英语怎么说呢?我猜猜可能是recommend oneself for a particular task or mission,对于毛先生来说是没有cul-de-sac这样的说法的,毛先生不怕口袋,就怕没口袋,因为他是一个锋利的锥子,如果不把它放到cul-de-sac,他是没法戳出来的。。。
 
毛遂自荐自然是赞扬一个有能力和品德的人自我推荐自己而受到重用并获得成功的行为,而自吹自擂则是指一个人对自己的成就或者不存在的成就的吹嘘。自吹自擂用英语说:blow one’s trumpt/horn.
说道horn,你自然想到了horny(欲火中烧),我自然没想到(关于horny对词源可以写一本书,按下不表)
 
还是将几句吧。通常你们看到什么会horny,无非是titscul吧。对,cul就是ass对意思。。对,还有就是看pornhorny。法语中,le cul=sex, film de cul= porn=dirty movie=skin flick。。。目前skin flick是我了解到和中文的黄片最形似并神似的词了,为亚欧文化交融欢呼!
 
当然,我并没有想到上面的东西,事实上,看了horn,我联想到了impasse
 
“be on the horns of a dilemma” 的意思是 “to be in a situation in which you have to choose between two unpleasant or difficult situations”, 也就是进退维谷,左右为难的意思.
 
有一个可能大家都知道的同义词dilemma(我是大一的时候听NellyKelly在格莱美上唱这首歌的时候了解到,没想到我后来会开始听金属) Dilemma是说你处在这样一个境地:所有的选择或者offer都是一样的好或者一样的坏,让你无从做出抉择,不知道该不该接受。也及时两难境地,窘境的意思。
 
还有一个词是catch-22,记得前几天有几个女生问我catch-22,并用充满期待的眼神看着我,以为我回答不出。我轻描淡写地说了句:进退维谷吧,哈哈。因为我电脑中还有一部叫catch-22的战争片呢。多了解一些偏僻的词汇或许并不能打动你老板给你加薪,但是有时候确实可以让小姑娘对你刮目相看。Catch-22dilemma的区别在于,catch-22是说有两件事摆在你面前,如果你要做A,你必须先做成B;可是,你要想做B,却必须先做成A。所以他的意思是无可奈何的矛盾状态从而引申到进退维谷/两难”“无可逾越的障碍(复习下glass ceiling吧,记性差的人只有向我一样多复习并多逻辑了)。无法拜托的困境
朗文上有一个非常好的例句帮助你理解catch-22
It’s a catch-22 situation,-without experience you can’t get a job and without a job you can’t get experience.
这是个无法摆脱的困境,没工作经验你就找不到工作,找不到工作也就没有工作经验。
这有点chick-and-egg了。
 
说道窘境,困境。听说这个字也念jiong。。。
 
我又想到一个我永世不会忘记的词,那就是predicament。这是Face-off教堂决战一群人互相如一张网的永强互相指着对方的时候,大坏蛋Castor Troy对警探 Sean Archer阴声怪调地说了句:What a predicament! 我当时就了解了predicament的意思了,没法扣动扳机啊,扣了大家一起死。
 
Impasse的意思好像和上面几位有点相似哦?
因为他们都有一个意思:no way out. You are so dead.
 
注:Left and rigth 并不可以用来指左右为难,而是到处的意思,=high and low.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Why So Pissed Off

By Vincent

 As usual, Young gave me a ride home in the unbelievably ’drivable‘ company car Jetta late tonight.

Last night, he called, asking me ‘what means ’pissed off”. FYI, he should’ve asked "what does ’pissed off’ mean".

Anyway, I told him that if you say ‘i’m pissed off’ , u mean you are very annoyed, irritated, and if you ask a person to ’piss off’, it’s like ”bugger off’, ‘fuck off’, ’ get lost’, stuf like that.   Well, Young has been such a curious kido all along. With his hands holding the wheel, he looked at me, asking" as piss means ‘niao niao’, why ‘pissed off’ means 我火大了?  

‘ uh…I don’t know, perhaps it’s because your are most likely to get irritated if I piss on you. This is the reason I can think of now’, answered  Vincent.

Obviously, this guy was not convinced. I just could tell from his face.

He gets a kick out of my failure to answer his questions. He kept asking me and in the meantime, ran his imagionation wild, in an effort to figure that out.

‘Well, why dont you just visit my blog tomorrow. I will put it there later’.

Voila! This is the anwer you are seeking:

By Heather

I was rather pissed to find that there is not much evidence out there to substantiate or dismiss your excellent guess. We can be sure that the angry meaning of pissed off became popular among the Armed Forces in World War II, and entered into mainstream use during the post-war years. In 1946 it was defined as a new word in American Speech XXI: "This means roughly, fed-up, irritated, depressed." Some linguists and historians think the expression must have been well known during the war years, citing a story about General Eisenhower’s dog. The story goes that the dog (Felix) urinated on a map and the officers joked that the enemy was "pissed off." (Leonard Mosely, Marshall, 1982).

In the 1970s, pissed off became much more common in British English, and continued to gain popularity in the U.S. As its usefulness grew, several new variants of the expression sprouted. For the first time we find pissed (no "off"): "I’m pissed at people in the movement . . ." (It 9-23, 1971). This reduction of pissed off to pissed is primarily American; in British English pissed continues to be an adjective for drunkenness. During Read more